Pick a model or enter your own numbers, choose a driving profile and a temperature, and see the real-world range — not the WLTP figure — with the gap between the two, real consumption, and interactive curves for speed and cold weather.
WLTP is measured under fixed lab conditions at moderate speed and mild temperature — real driving rarely matches that. Higher speeds mean more aerodynamic drag, which grows roughly with the square of speed, so autobahn driving at 130 km/h+ can push consumption up by 50% or more versus the WLTP figure. City driving, with its lower average speed and regenerative braking at every stop, often beats WLTP.
Cold weather adds a second, separate penalty: the battery's chemistry is less efficient below around 10°C, and cabin heating draws directly from the battery (EVs have no waste engine heat to reuse). At -10°C on the autobahn, real range can fall to roughly half of the WLTP number — for a 77 kWh / 18 kWh/100km car, that's around 211 km instead of the WLTP's ~428 km. Mild temperatures (around 20°C) with mixed driving track WLTP most closely.
WLTP is a standardized lab test at moderate, steady speed and mild temperature — it's useful for comparing cars on equal terms, but it doesn't reflect real driving. Higher speeds, cold weather, climate control, wind, terrain, tyres and driving style all reduce range below the WLTP figure in most real conditions.
Cold weather typically cuts range by 15-35%, mainly from two effects: the battery is chemically less efficient below about 10°C, and cabin heating draws energy directly from the battery rather than reusing waste engine heat like a combustion car does. At -10°C the effect is roughly a 20-35% reduction versus range at 20°C, depending on driving profile.
Aerodynamic drag grows roughly with the square of speed, so going from 100 km/h to 140 km/h doesn't just add 40% more drag — it adds significantly more. Above about 130 km/h this effect dominates energy use, which is why autobahn driving at speed can push real consumption 30-50% above the WLTP figure, even before accounting for temperature.